A new study has identified key psychological risk factors contributing to emotional dependence, or “love addiction,” among university students. Conducted by researchers from the Libera Università Maria Santissima Assunta in Rome and the University of Florence, the study found that fearful attachment, separation anxiety, and maladaptive defence mechanisms significantly increase the likelihood of developing emotional dependence on a romantic partner.
Published in the journal Behavioral Sciences, the study surveyed 332 college students, with an average age of 23, using psychological assessment tools such as the Love Addiction Inventory – Short Form and the Relationship Questionnaire. The findings suggest that individuals with a fearful attachment style—characterised by high anxiety, low self-esteem, and a negative perception of both themselves and others—are more prone to developing dysfunctional romantic relationships.
The study highlights that emotional dependence often serves as a coping mechanism for individuals struggling with internal distress. Those with a strong fear of abandonment may rely excessively on their partners for emotional stability, while also using immature defence mechanisms to avoid painful emotions.
“This is the first study to examine how different psychological factors interact to influence emotional dependence,” the researchers stated. However, they acknowledged limitations, including the predominantly female participant pool (80%) and the lack of diversity in the sample. They emphasised the need for further research across broader demographics to fully understand the phenomenon.
Despite these constraints, the study provides valuable insights into the psychological mechanisms behind love addiction. The authors suggest that targeted interventions addressing attachment issues, separation anxiety, and unhealthy coping strategies could help prevent and treat emotional dependence, improving both relationship quality and overall well-being.
These findings contribute to a growing body of research on emotional dependence, reinforcing the importance of psychological support and education in fostering healthier romantic relationships among young adults.
